Period Poops: What Are They & How to Stop Them

Why your digestion changes during your period

So, what exactly are “period poops”? While it’s not a medical term, it’s a common way to describe bowel changes that happen around the time of your period. Many people notice that their digestion feels off during menstruation – you might experience bloating, cramps, diarrhea, or constipation that seem to appear right on schedule each month.

A study found that gastrointestinal symptoms similar to those seen in IBS are actually very common during menstruation. These “period poops” are thought to be linked to hormonal shifts, particularly prostaglandins, which help the uterus contract but can also affect the intestines.

Common digestive symptoms during your period include:
• Abdominal pain or cramping related to hormonal changes
• Diarrhea or loose stools during menstruation
• Nausea or an upset stomach before or during your period
• Constipation in the days leading up to menstruation
• Bloating or excess gas caused by water retention and gut sensitivity

The same study also found that digestive symptoms during your period are more likely to occur if you’re also experiencing emotional changes such as low mood, irritability, or anxiety – reinforcing the powerful connection between hormones, the brain, and the gut.
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What causes period poops?

So, who’s the culprit behind those uncomfortable digestive changes during your period? In most cases, it comes down to hormones — specifically  prostaglandins and progesterone. These natural chemical messengers help regulate your menstrual cycle but can also affect how your gut behaves. Add stress, anxiety, or changes in your diet to the mix, and it’s easy to see why your digestion might feel a little unpredictable each month.

1. Higher levels of prostaglandins‍

Just before your period begins, your uterine cells begin to release prostaglandins to trigger the contractions that shed the uterine lining. Some of these prostaglandins can enter your bloodstream and affect other muscles in your body — including those in your intestines.

This can lead to digestive symptoms such as:
• Abdominal cramps
• Nausea or upset stomach
• Diarrhea or loose stools

Prostaglandins can also cause the body to retain less water, which softens stools and increases bowel activity. Caffeine can make this worse, since it has a natural laxative effect — so if you’re already dealing with diarrhea during your period, that extra cup of coffee might not help.

2. Higher levels of progesterone‍

Progesterone is another hormone that fluctuates throughout your cycle. It rises after ovulation to prepare your body for a possible pregnancy, then drops if no egg is fertilized. High levels of progesterone can slow digestion, leading to constipation or bloating.

For some people, though, it can have the opposite effect and loose and watery stools. Those with existing gut conditions, such as IBS or Crohn’s disease, often find their symptoms intensify during this time, with added abdominal pain, headaches, or changes in bowel habits.

3. Changes in diet‍

If you crave more chocolate, chips, or sugary snacks during your period, you’re not imagining it. Hormonal shifts during the luteal phase can increase appetite and drive cravings for high-fat or high-sugar foods.

These sudden changes in diet can also affect digestion. Eating more processed or fatty foods may alter the consistency, regularity, and even the smell of your stool. To support more balanced digestion, try to limit refined sugars, processed snacks, and excessive fats while focusing on whole foods and hydration.

4. Stress and anxiety‍

It’s common to feel more emotional or stressed around your period — and your gut feels it too. Stress hormones can speed up or slow down digestion, leading to either diarrhea or constipation. This is due to the gut-brain connection – the two-way communication system linking your digestive tract and nervous system.

When stress levels rise, your gut may become more reactive. The good news is that you can help retrain this connection. Research from Australian scientists has shown that gut-directed hypnotherapy can effectively reduce IBS symptoms by calming the gut-brain link — and many people find it helps ease stress-related digestive flare-ups during their cycle as well.

Why do period poops hurt?‍

If passing a bowel movement feels more painful during your period, you’re not alone. Hormonal changes, cramping, and heightened pain sensitivity can all make digestion feel uncomfortable at this time of the month.

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Common reasons period poops can hurt include:
• Constipation – Hormones such as prostaglandins and progesterone, which rise around your period, can slow digestion. If stools become hard or dry, they may be painful to pass.
• Menstrual cramps – Straining during a bowel movement can trigger or worsen uterine cramps, causing sharp or radiating pain in the lower abdomen.
• Increased pain sensitivity – Hormonal fluctuations during menstruation can make you more sensitive to pain, so even mild discomfort may feel more intense.‍

How to deal with period poops

If you struggle with digestive issues during your period, a few small changes can make a big difference. While there’s no single cure for “period poops,” the following strategies can help reduce symptoms and calm your gut.

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1. Eat clean and stay mindful of triggers
Try to eat as cleanly as possible during your period to ease digestion and reduce inflammation. It’s normal to crave comfort foods, but aim to limit gastrointestinal upset with hard-to-digest or gut-stimulating options.
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Foods and drinks to avoid during your period:
• Fried or greasy foods
• Stimulants like coffee, tea, and energy drinks
• Sugary foods such as chocolate, cake, or sweets
• Excess water intake if you tend to have diarrhea
Instead, focus on balanced meals that include whole grains, cooked vegetables, lean proteins, and plenty of hydration without overdoing caffeine or sugar.
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2. Get moving
Various types of exercise can support digestion and relieve cramps by improving blood flow and reducing stress hormones. If you’re not up for an intense workout, try gentle, restorative movement.
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Exercises that may help include:
• Yoga – Yoga combines movement, breathing, and mindfulness. Research shows it can reduce IBS symptoms, calm anxiety, and ease menstrual discomfort.
• Tai Chi – This slow, mindful practice has been shown to improve gut symptoms and overall well-being when done regularly and proven more effective than medication in some cases.
• Walking or swimming – Gentle activities that help regulate the digestive system without overexertion.
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3. Take ibuprofen (if suitable for you)
Ibuprofen is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that can reduce pain, control inflammation, and lower prostaglandin levels when taken around 24 hours before your period starts. It may help ease cramps and bowel discomfort.
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Possible side effects include:
• Heartburn
• Nausea
• Vomiting
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If you have a sensitive stomach or other medical conditions, check with your doctor before using ibuprofen regularly.

4. Ask your doctor about hormonal birth control
If your digestive symptoms are severe or interfere with daily life, talk to your doctor about whether hormonal contraception might help. The contraceptive pill can prevent ovulation and lower prostaglandin levels – reducing cramps, nausea, and painful bowel movements.
However, hormonal treatment isn’t right for everyone. Discuss potential benefits and side effects with your healthcare provider before starting any new medication.

How can I stop my tampon from coming out when pooping?

Straining hard to pass a bowel movement may also dislodge your tampon during period poops. The orientation of pelvic muscles in your body may make some people more likely to push out their tampon during a bowel movement. 

There are a few simple things you can do to keep your tampon in place:

• Eat a high-fiber diet to reduce constipation.
• Try not to strain when passing a bowel movement.
• Consider alternatives to tampons, such as a menstrual cup (or even a pad).

Is it period poop or IBS?

Period poop refers to temporary digestive changes that happen just before or during menstruation. Hormonal shifts – especially in prostaglandins and progesterone – can speed up or slow down digestion, leading to diarrhea, constipation, bloating, or cramps. If you’re experiencing these bowel problems frequently or outside your menstrual cycle, it could be a sign of IBS. IBS affects about 14% of the population  and causes recurring digestive issues such as:

• Abdominal pain or more likely to have cramping related to bowel movements
• Constipation, diarrhea, or alternating bowel habits
• Bloating, gas, and digestive discomfort
• Mucous or residue in stools
  If your symptoms appear at different times in your cycle or persist long term, it’s worth speaking with a healthcare provider for an IBS assessment.

How your period affects digestion

The digestive and reproductive systems are closely linked through hormonal and nervous system pathways. During menstruation, rising prostaglandins can stimulate intestinal muscles, leading to looser or more frequent bowel movements – commonly called “period poops.” However, this relationship goes both ways. People living with IBS often experience more severe menstrual cramps and are more likely to have premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD). Research also shows a strong connection between IBS, endometriosis, and menstrual pain, highlighting how the gut and reproductive systems influence one another.

Conditions that can mimic period poop

Not all cycle-related bowel changes are simple hormone shifts. Some gastrointestinal and gynecological conditions share similar symptoms and can flare during your period. These include:

• Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)
• Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)
• Hemorrhoids
• Endometriosis
• Uterine fibroids
• Ovarian cysts
• Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)‍

Hormonal changes during perimenopause or menopause can also affect bowel regularity and stool consistency. If your digestive symptoms are severe or persistent, professional evaluation is important.

When to see a doctor

While mild changes in bowel habits around your period are normal, you should consult a healthcare professional if you experience:

• Severe abdominal or pelvic pain
• Heavy or irregular periods
• Blood or mucous in your stool
• Rectal or anal pain
• Unexplained bloating or fatigue
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A doctor can help rule out serious causes, identify overlapping conditions like IBS or endometriosis, and recommend treatment to regulate both digestive and menstrual symptoms.

Are the digestive and reproductive systems linked?

Period poops show us how the reproductive system can influence the digestive tract. But did you know, it can work the other way as well?

People with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) are more likely to have severe period cramps and be diagnosed with premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) than those who do not. In addition, research has identified a link between IBS, period pain, and endometriosis. 

FAQs about period poop and IBS

Why do I poop more during my period?
Prostaglandins released during menstruation help the uterus contract, but they can also stimulate the intestines. This can lead to more frequent or looser bowel movements.

Is it normal to have diarrhea before my period?
Yes. Hormonal changes can speed up digestion, leading to diarrhea right before or during your period. If it happens throughout the month, consider getting checked for IBS or another gastrointestinal condition.

Can period poop smell worse?
Yes. Hormonal fluctuations can affect gut bacteria and how food is digested, which can temporarily make stools smell stronger or different.

How can I tell if it’s IBS or just period-related changes?
If your digestive symptoms occur mainly around your period, hormones are likely the cause. But if bloating, pain, or bowel changes appear at other times in your cycle, you may have IBS and should see a healthcare provider.

When should I see a doctor about period poop?
Seek medical advice if you have severe abdominal pain, blood or mucous in your stool, unexplained fatigue, or digestive symptoms that persist outside your period.

The Wrap Up

If you’re dealing with what’s often called “period poops,” you’re noticing changes such as diarrhea, constipation, or stronger-smelling stools around your period. This is a common experience linked to hormonal fluctuations – especially in prostaglandins and progesterone – that affect how your intestines contract. For some people, stools become loose and watery, while for others, they may be firmer and harder to pass. Maintaining a balanced diet rich in fiber, staying hydrated, and exercising regularly can help ease these digestive shifts. If your symptoms are more severe, over-the-counter anti-inflammatories like ibuprofen or a hormonal contraceptive may help regulate prostaglandin levels and reduce discomfort.